TCM Treatment for Cough: Regulating the Lungs and Strengthening the Constitution
Coughing is one of the most common clinical symptoms. Whether it is the onset of a cold or a persistent chronic cough, it often disrupts a patient's daily life and rest, and may even trigger asthma or chest pain. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history and rich clinical experience in treating coughs, emphasizing "Syndrome Differentiation" and addressing both the symptoms and the root causes. TCM does not just suppress the cough; it focuses on regulating the body's constitution to prevent recurrence.
In TCM theory, a cough is a respiratory system disorder caused by the Lung's failure to disperse and descend Qi, leading to upward reversal of Lung Qi. While coughing is an independent condition, it is also a common symptom of many other diseases. The "Huangdi Neijing" (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: "All five Zang organs and six Fu organs can cause a cough, not just the Lungs." This means that although the Lungs govern respiration, imbalances in the Heart, Liver, Spleen, or Kidneys can also lead to coughing.
TCM broadly categorizes coughs into two types: External Contraction and Internal Damage.
- External Contraction Cough: Usually caused by the invasion of Wind-Cold, Wind-Heat, or Dryness pathogens. Symptoms include an itchy throat, phlegm, fever, and nasal congestion, commonly seen in the acute stage. Treatment focuses on dispelling wind, releasing the exterior, and diffusing the Lungs to stop coughing.
- Internal Damage Cough: Often caused by Qi deficiency of the Spleen and Lungs, Liver fire attacking the Lungs, Phlegm-Dampness accumulation, or Lung Yin deficiency. It manifests as a chronic cough, wheezing, excessive phlegm, a weak cough sound, or persistent night coughing. Treatment involves strengthening the Spleen, nourishing the Lungs, clearing the Liver, and transforming phlegm.
In Singapore's hot and humid climate, many patients present with the "Phlegm-Dampness" or "Damp-Heat" types. These are characterized by thick, sticky phlegm, chest tightness, a bitter taste in the mouth, and a thick tongue coating, particularly among children and those with damp-prone constitutions. TCM treatment utilizes herbs to clear heat and drain dampness while promoting Lung Qi flow. Acupuncture or cupping may also be used to accelerate recovery.
The advantage of TCM in treating coughs lies in its ability to improve immunity and regulate Lung and Spleen functions rather than simply suppressing symptoms. This is especially effective for patients with chronic pharyngitis, allergic coughs, or stubborn, recurring respiratory issues.
In addition to medication, daily maintenance is crucial. TCM recommends avoiding spicy, greasy, cold, or raw foods during a cough. Drink plenty of warm water, maintain emotional stability, and exercise moderately to strengthen Lung Qi. Those with Damp-Heat constitutions should be particularly careful to keep their diet light to avoid accumulating dampness that turns into phlegm.
If you or your family members suffer from a persistent cough, we recommend seeking a professional TCM consultation early. Dr Li Rui at our Singapore clinic has over 30 years of clinical experience in integrated TCM and Western medicine. She specializes in regulating chronic coughs and respiratory issues related to physical weakness. We welcome you to book an appointment and let TCM safeguard your lung health!
